Scientists have made some imaginary line around the earth. The objective of this line to facilitate the classification of some things like time, flora and fauna and climate. One of these is the line that made latitude. This line is usually used to determine the climate of a region. The climate is determined by the latitude is usually more often called solar climate. Because, the position of the earth to the sun sloped 23 1/20 create areas on the location of a particular latitude has a long corner and different solar radiation, as a result of the earth's rotation and revolution. In this case the position of the sun are shifted to the north and south of the equator is constantly resulted in the change of seasons, four seasons (summer, fall, winter and spring) in northern-southern hemisphere, and two seasons (wet and dry) in skitar the equator. In addition to the general pattern of climate that occur throughout the earth's surface, the actual variation in weather / climate, including rainfall also occurs locally in various narrower region on earth.
Climate control or dominant factor determining the difference in climate between the region with other regions according Lakitan (2002) one of which is positioned relative to the path of the sun (latitude).
In tropical regions located between 23.5 ° N and 23.5 ° S receives more sunlight, because the sun shines almost covering the entire region. In the polar regions, whose territory includes 66.5 ° N and 66.5 ° S to the center pole, getting sun exposure with a low angle with energy spread over a large area, which is why the polar regions never felt warm. Similarly, in the area between the tropics and the poles is a temperate region, which gets the sun shines less effective in certain months.
Lots of sunlight received at least this earth will cause the difference in air temperature in each place. And air temperature difference this will then will make a difference in the earth's climate. Long exposures it also depends on the location of a region. example:
Climate control or dominant factor determining the difference in climate between the region with other regions according Lakitan (2002) one of which is positioned relative to the path of the sun (latitude).
In tropical regions located between 23.5 ° N and 23.5 ° S receives more sunlight, because the sun shines almost covering the entire region. In the polar regions, whose territory includes 66.5 ° N and 66.5 ° S to the center pole, getting sun exposure with a low angle with energy spread over a large area, which is why the polar regions never felt warm. Similarly, in the area between the tropics and the poles is a temperate region, which gets the sun shines less effective in certain months.
Fig. Climate division based on the location of latitude
Lots of sunlight received at least this earth will cause the difference in air temperature in each place. And air temperature difference this will then will make a difference in the earth's climate. Long exposures it also depends on the location of a region. example:
latitude
|
Maximum long exposure time
|
o°
|
12
|
17°
|
13
|
41°
|
15
|
49°
|
16
|
63°
|
20
|
66,5°
|
24
|
67,5°
|
1
|
90°(kutub)
|
6 month
|
From the example above we can conclude the climate of each region
Specification:
The cold climates of the north lies between 66½ ° N - 90 ° KU (north pole)
North temperate regions located between 40 ° N - 66½ ° N
Subtropical climates north lies between 23½ ° N - 40 ° N
Tropical area located between 23½ ° N - 23½ ° S (Regional Equator)
Subtropical climates south 23½ ° S - 40 ° S
South temperate zones located between 40 ° S - 66½ ° S
The cold climates of the south lies between 66½ ° S - 90 ° KS (South Pole)
For climate division by latitude divided into four, namely tropical climate, subtropical climate, temperate and polar climate. Each climate has several characteristics that differ from each other, here is the explanation.
1. Tropical Climate
The tropical climate is located between the 231/2 ° N-231/2 ° / LS and
The characteristics of a tropical climate are as follows:
· The average air temperature is high, because the sun is always vertical. Generally temperatures between 20- 23 ° C. Even in some places the average annual temperature reaches 30 ° C.
· The amplitude of the annual average temperature is small, so permusiman based on the temperature difference does not exist, but that there permusiman based differences in rainfall, while the larger daily ampitudo.
· There is a low air pressure lines equator are called also as a doldrum area and changes slowly and irregularly. In this area there is a meeting of the wind coming from the northern latitudes horse (northeast trade winds) and south of the equator (southeast trade winds).
· Rainfall is generally higher than other regions in the world with the type of convergent and convective rain.
2. Sub-Tropical Climate
Sub-tropical climate lies between 231/2 ° - 40 ° N / S. This area is a transition between tropical climate and a temperate climate.
The characteristics of sub-tropical climate is as follows:
· Annual temperature amplitude greater than tropical climate.
· There are many vast deserts, such as the Sahara Desert.
· Frequent storms siklonal and sub-tropical climate that borders on a temperate climate, winter is influenced by westerly winds
· In the summer influenced by the sub-tropical high pressure dry and hot. As a result, in winter a lot of rain, while in the summer dry ..
3. Climate Medium
A temperate climate lies between 40 ° - 661/2 ° N / S. The characteristics of a temperate climate are as follows:
· There are many movements siklonal air, air pressure change often, the wind is blowing fickle erratic, and frequent storms suddenly.
· Annual temperature amplitude is greater and the daily temperature amplitude is smaller than that found in the tropical climate.
4. Cold Climate (Pole) 661/2 ° -90 ° N / S
Cold climate are in the polar regions. Therefore, this climate referred to as a polar climate. Cold climate can be divided into two, namely climate tundra and ice climate.
The characteristics of the tundra climate is as follows:
· The temperature of the air is very cold throughout the year
· Winter lasts longer
· Cool summer short duration.
· The air dried.
· The ground is always frozen throughout the year due within one year of receiving solar radiation for 6 months but not quite bring an increase in extreme temperatures, because the sun distance away and the sun is very low (the angle of incidence of solar radiation is very low
· In the winter the ground was covered in ice and snow.
· In the summer the extensive swamps formed due to the melting of ice on the ground.
· The vegetation types of moss-lumutan and bushes.
· Territory covers: North America, islands in northern Canada, the southern coast of Greenland, and the northern coast of Siberia.
While the characteristics of ice or polar climate climate are as follows:
· Constant temperature is very low so that there is eternal snow.
· This area covers: the north pole, namely Greenland (green land) and the Antarctic in the south pole.
· The average temperature of -17 °
2. Effect of Location of Latitude On Weather Conditions / Climate
As a result of differences in climate based on the location of latitude to make an impact on weather and climate conditions are different in each area at a specific latitude location. Here is an explanation of the effect based on the latitude regions.
1. Tropical Regions. Tropical region is located at 0 ° N / S-23.5 ° N / S. The average temperature in a year is 22 ° C and 28 ° C. However, because the position of the sun is always in the tropics, the temperature in some places can be more than 30 ° C. In this area there are two seasons, the dry season and the rainy season. During the rainy season tends to cloudy weather conditions and the sun rarely shines full one day because of the closed cloudy, with average temperatures around 180C. During the dry season the weather is sunny samgat and full sunlight can shine 12 hours a day.
2. Subtropical Regions. This subtropical region lies between 23.5 ° -40 ° N / S. This area is an area of transition from the tropics to temperate zones. Temperatures in this region during 4-11 months above 20 ° C. Subtropical rainfall is low and there are many vast deserts, because in this area occurred in the divergent wind movement of air surface, but in the air above occur konvegensi between the wind coming from the pole with the wind coming from the equator, resulting in air motion nosedive down which causes higher air pressure. This complicates the occurrence of rainfall and the summer is influenced by high pressure subtropical dry and hot. As a result, in winter a lot of rain, while in dry summers.
3. The area being. These areas are located between 40 ° -66.5 N / S. Are included in this area, namely Europe, Asia, North America, South America, South Africa, and Australia. This area is for 4-12 months has a temperature of 10 ° C -12 ° C. In this area there are season based on the temperature difference. The seasons are summer, autumn, winter and spring. Each season has a different weather conditions, for example during the summer this area is very bright and the weather is very hot, even during the day in this area lasts for 15-17 hours. Temperate zones occur movements of polar air masses and of the horse latitudes resulting in convergence. Air masses collide with cold polar air masses from the horse latitudes warm, so this area there are quite a lot of rain.
4. Cold Regions. Cold region is located anatara 40 ° N / S-66.5 ° N / S. Areas including cold climate regions between Canada, south coast of Greenland, and the beach uatara Siberia. The temperature in winter is very cold and took place in a relatively long time, while the short summer and a lot of extensive marshes formed as a result of melting ice.
5. Polar Regions. Polar region lies between 66.5 ° N / S-90 ° N / S. Region into the polar region's climate is the North Pole and South Pole. The air temperature is very low at -1 ° C therefore this area dikelnal as having eternal snow. The weather in this area is very extreme. Sometimes in the day the sun shines continuously in one day, and sometimes in a single day the sun does not shine at all in this area.
3. The impact of weather and climate for human life
Weather in various places ever-changing and different from each other. Of the average daily weather this if studied for more than 30 years can be concluded that called climate has impacted the lives of human beings for the purpose of maintaining his life. Humans who inhabit a particular area have each way to survive. Here is the explanation.
1. In the tropics, on this very special area for the full year gets sunlight. Humans in this area is not too difficult to sustain life, a variety of natural wealth is here because of the amount of rainfall is quite a lot.
2. In the subtropical regions, this area has a lot of places which is desert, because of the low amount of rainfall each year. In some countries in the African continent that goes in the subtropical regions experiencing kekerindaerah daegan and forced the residents to walk away just to take and seek water from the oasis in the middle of the desert. In terms of clothing people living in temperate regions usually wear thin because average temperatures in the subtropical temperatures over 200 C.
3. In the temperate latitudes, this area has four seasons are influenced by the arrival angle of solar radiation. The average temperature of this region is 10-120 C. The average home in this area has a lot of glass, because of the nature of glass that easily absorbs heat but difficult removing the back, so that the residents keep warm on the inside. In terms of clothing except during the summer of man in the middle latitudes always wear thick pakian. As for animals in the middle lintrang usually hibernate during the winter to maintain life.
4. In cold areas, in this area for quite a long winter, while summer is very short. As a result, this area is almost always covered in snow. Humans in this region pakian always wore thick and made of animal hide that body was always warm. For food is usually human in this place a lot more time consuming meat because meat is digested stomach to save relatively little food reserves quantity there.
5. In the polar regions, in this area there is no man who lived throughout the year because there are always covered permafrost and the temperature is always below 00C.
CLOSING
conclusion
Location of latitude can be known through the latitude that circles the earth, from the equator to the poles gets, ranging from the west to the east or vice versa, and divides the earth into two parts north and south. Letang latitude is one determinant of weather and climate for a place because the location of latitude effect on solar radiation, solar radiation varies in every place this in because, the position of the earth to the sun sloped 23 1/20 create areas on the location of latitude has certain angles and different long solar radiation, as a result of the earth's rotation and revolution. Here are the details along with the location of latitude climate.
The cold climates of the north lies between 66½ ° N - 90 ° KU (North Pole)
North temperate regions located between 40 ° N - 66½ ° N
Subtropical climates north lies between 23½ ° N - 40 ° N
Tropical area located between 23½ ° N - 23½ ° S (Regional Equator)
Subtropical climates south 23½ ° S - 40 ° S
South temperate zones located between 40 ° S - 66½ ° S
The cold climates of the south lies between 66½ ° S - 90 ° KS (South Pole)
Lots of sunlight received at least this earth will cause the difference in air temperature in each place. And air temperature difference this will then will make a difference in the earth's climate. Long exposures it also depends on the location of a region. It will also affect the man who inhabited the region, humans have had to adapt to its environment that requires a pattern of life following the weather and climate change that took place in area.